Welcome!
It might help for you to explain what you are trying to accomplish or what your goal is. This will help us guide you in the correct direction.
When interacting with ArcGIS online hosted services we use REST. ESRI has created an awesome API for us to use that wraps REST in python. It is called the ArcGIS API for Python. I highly recommend that you take a look at the API and some of the tutorials.
You can access the API reference from here:
https://developers.arcgis.com/python/api-reference/
Here you can access the guide for the API. Take a look at the getting started section. This will help you login to ArcGIS Online VIA python and help you get going on your journey.
https://developers.arcgis.com/python/guide/
Once you have familiarized your self with the ArcGIS API for Python. You want to take a look at the arcgis.features module. This module will allow you to work with the data in the hosted feature service. You can do things like access fields, properties, update, add data, delete data, append, calculate and more. Within the arcgis.features module there is a class called the FeatureLayer Class. You can directly query features with this class.
arcgis.features module:
https://developers.arcgis.com/python/api-reference/arcgis.features.toc.html#
FeatureLayer Class:
https://developers.arcgis.com/python/api-reference/arcgis.features.toc.html#featurelayer
If you have any questions, please do not hesitate to ask. There are no dumb questions.
Hope this helps
