Actually what I did was insert the line after line 141 in your screenshot. I am still testing here, everything works so far. Changing the version number only does nothing at all because it's line 139 that's firing, generating a URL that looks like "https://YOURSERVER/jsapi/jsapi". So unless you overwrite code on your server nothing changes. When you change it to generate the URL "https://js.arcgis.com/3.35" instead, then (after you clear the cache and reload the page) it will start loading the JavaScript API from Esri's server instead of your own.
Test 1, hit this URL https://js.arcgis.com/3.35 and you should get init.js appearing in your browser. If not then don't change your code.
Test 2, insert the line after line 141, flush cache, reload, if you get errors. remove line.
Tests 3....n, test everything on your web maps that are built using Portal. You are now running a totally different Javascript library. We only use 2 or 3 non-standard widgets and everything so far seems to work fine.
The good news is that it's really easy to revert the change if things go off kilter.
I looked at my installation of WAB, Developer Edition (version 2.19) last night and it's already running API 3.35. It's not that hard to set up for testing only, so for example, I threw together an app with just the PopupPanel widget in it, tested it, confirmed it worked, did the hack to make it load JSAPI version 3.28, saw that it broke it. That way I was reasonably confident the fix would work for the PopupPanel.
Also it means the apps built with WABDE will all just work, the Chrome bug only affects the ones that I did not build. 😉 Cool! I use WABDE, the other GIS person here uses WAB in Portal.
When I was trying to figure out what was going on last night I used the browser debugger, in there you can watch network activity and see what URLs it is hitting. That's why I knew changing apiVersion was not enough and looked further in the code.
I need a forum to teach people a few of these little tools.