What to you get if you request your map service URL in your browser?
You should get something like : http://services.arcgisonline.com/ArcGIS/rest/services/Demographics/USA_Median_Home_Value/MapServer
If your services are on a different server than your Silverlight XAP, do you have a crossdomain.xml file at your server's root directory? E.g.:
http://services.arcgisonline.com/crossdomain.xml