Use Make Feature Layer or Make Table View to create a sub set of your feature class or table.The where clause in these tools will grab only the features you want to process.The where can be set up in a variety of ways, largely dependant on how clever you want to appear to someone reading your code.the simplest might be to use a nested python list of the discrete start and stop points for your ranges
InputFC_var = ...full path to the FC...
outputLyr_var = "outputLyr"
rangeList = [
[1, 100],
[101, 200],
[201, 300]]
for r in rangeList:
whereClause = ' "FID" >= r[0] AND "FID" <= r[1] '
arcpy.MakeFeatureLayer_management(InputFC_var, outputLyr_var, whereClause)
...other stuff you want to do...