I was trying to add new rows of data to an existing table in a layer. That table has x,y coordinates in each row. I was able to successfully add new rows to the table via a copy and paste from an excel spreadsheet and the data looked fine but the new rows did not display on the map even after refreshing the map view. So then I took the new data in a .csv file and added it to my project as data, then used the geoprocessing toolbox to append the data to my existing table. Again the data was showing fine in the table, but not displaying on the map. Finally, I took that .csv file I had added, ran it through the "XY table to points" function to create a second layer, then used the geoprocessing toolbox to append that data to my desired table and the new rows immediately showed up on the map. Afterward I cleaned up the unneeded second table by removing it, and also removing the .csv table.
That last successful process I used seems like a very convoluted way to append new data with x,y coordinates to an existing table. Is there a better way to bring external data into an existing table AND plot the coordinates to points in the map in a more direct manner?
The x,y features in a table aren't directly related to the location of a feature. For example, if you were to manually change the lat/long of your point data in the attribute table, it wouldn't automatically move the point.
A way to eliminate a step in your process is to create an XY Event layer instead. This creates a temporary view of the plotted points so that you don't have miscellaneous feature classes sitting in your folder (the way you would with the XY to Points tool).
related discussion and process
Solved: Update x,y points after adding new data to existin... - Esri Community
nothing is automatic in general