You can add new layers to a hosted feature layer using the "add to definition" function of the REST API and Python API.
I would definitely test this out on a layer you don't care about first though, especially if you're adding any kind of relationships, it's very easy to mess this up and can be difficult to fix.
Another option would be to export your existing HFL to a File GDB, add a new feature class to the GDB in Pro, then republish the modified File GDB as a new HFL. This option is definitely safer and easier but can be more work if you have web maps and apps hanging off your existing HFL.