Are there ArcGIS Enterprise Service capabilities which can only be achieved by publishing the service via Pro? Specifically certain editing capabilities/functionality which cannot be used from a service published via ArcMap. (assuming 10.6.1 for Enterprise, Desktop, and 2.3 for Pro). Branch versioning is one thing that comes to mind.
The big one is that you can start editing a feature service as soon as it's loaded in the map without having to "Create Local Copy for editing", which is a big plus.