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var map = new esri.Map("map");
var app = {}; // This is an empty object, equivalient to window.app app.map = new esri.Map("map"); // map is now bound to window.app.map
var map = new esri.Map("map");
var app = {}; // This is an empty object, equivalient to window.app app.map = new esri.Map("map"); // map is now bound to window.app.map
In the print widjet example, all the application specific values are now in window.app (map, printer, symbols, toolbar).
It's a method of organizing the code in the application.