You can't install just arccatalog, you have to install desktop. CatalogUI is specific to ArcGIS desktop and cannot be used in pure engine applications. This is deliberate since ui classes such as forms have windows dependencies and engine is designed to work on non-windows platforms as well windows. Any redistribution of esri dlls would a. be a hack, b. probably in violation or license agreements, c. would need redistribution of the com dll not just the .net wrapper and any other dll that this dll depends on and d. subject to fail at any update of arcgis version or service pack.