I think I see the issue now, I'd say you're trying to input the string slack_loop etc. and expecting it to reference the variable slack_loop.
here's an example of what should work instead, but this is before my second coffee so it's very basic and hopefully someone can point you to a more elegant solution.
url_list = [['structure', rdof_design + '/0'],
['slack_loop', rdof_design + '/1'],
...
]
tool_input = arcpy.GetParameterAsText(0)
url = ''
for item in url_list:
if item[0] == tool_input:
url = item[1]
break
maps.addDataFromPath(url)