That might work.
a polar equidistant would be a better choice of intermediate step
(the circles are equally spaced in the sample)
Create a lat/long fishnet with the top line at 90° north
and the southern one however far you want to go.
Then use Transform to center the features on whatever point you fancy, with whatever extent.
Transform seems only to be available for coverages
which is fine if you have an Advanced lic.
Still, using Transfom is a bit of a hack job...
A BETTER METHOD...
You could also build such a circular network using
BearingDistanceToLine_management
looping to draw each radiating line at an incrementing angle.
Then buffer the central point for each circle
(or use MultipleRingBuffer_analysis)
and convert the buffers to lines.
