I am thinking to upgrade my database to SQL server 2016. I have my ArcGIS products which is 10.3.1 and need to stay with it.
Not an answer but some links to check if you haven't
10.3.1 is in limbo between old and new help topics regarding anything, 10.3 isn't listed here since it isn't quite legacy
http://resources.arcgis.com/en/help/
but when you link to this link, 10.3 is greyed out
http://desktop.arcgis.com/en/arcmap/latest/manage-data/databases/database-requirements-sqlserver.htm
but listed for 10.4 and up
Thanks Dan. I got this link which specifically got much details on 10.3.x
ArcGIS 10.3.x for Desktop system requirements—Help | ArcGIS Desktop
So basically we can't do with SQL server 2016 and ArcGIS 10.3