Hi Hitomi,
2 things could be happening - The first time you run the visual spec tool - It should create 3 new fields on your dataset -
if these fields are created but show <null> values you will either need to force the vst to apply by using 'field calc' command, running the toolbox function - or what you are doing via the edit > update etc. Its described here in detail
ArcGIS Help (10.2, 10.2.1, and 10.2.2)
There is also a check box somewhere (calc fields tab down the bottom of the dialog?) that refers to update. Try toggling this. This halts the update because otherwise your specs might recalculate after 1 edit etc.
The easiest way to see if your visual spec has not been applied correctly is that you will get 'red - unplaced' symbology for features are missing or the rules dont match. There is also a arctoolbox fuction that can find those elements as well.
ArcGIS Help (10.2, 10.2.1, and 10.2.2)
Hope this helped in some way,
William