Matt,
With your limited understanding of ActionScript and MXML and what all the line in the sample are actually doing, why are you not just using the IdentifyWidget that has all of this done for you and much more?.. In Widgets almost everything except GUI elements are done in ActionScript and not MXML as in the samples. Graphics layers are added in the widgets widgetConfigLoaded event. As it stands the graphics layer that you have in the mxml code are not part of or added to the map in any way so they are useless. The Flex API sample are not meant to be ported over to widget but it can be done with the proper knowledge of what the code is doing and what needs to be changed to fit a widgets code structure.
Identify Widget:
http://www.arcgis.com/home/item.html?id=39cf66d58c234279ba728c50461a1a89
Don't forget to click the Mark as answer check on this post and to click the top arrow (promote).
Follow the steps as shown in the below graphic: