This idea would only apply if you're using feature services (a feature that has its source from a published feature class) and if that is the case, the definition query would be applied in the Pro project used to create the service, so whoever published the service would need to remove or amend the query and overwrite the service. This would affect all users of the feature service.
If the feature class you're editing is coming directly from the database then you could check to see if there is a definition query applied to the feature class itself by right-clicking the feature class in your table of contents pane, clicking properties, then clicking on the Definition Query. If a query is applied, you can remove it or amend it. Whether or not this affects anyone other than you would be determined by whether or not anyone else uses the same Pro project.