Hello, Sherwin.
Point barriers that prohibit travel on edges have existed for a long time. But you're right, at ArcGIS 10.0, line and polygon barriers were added to the mix. Furthermore, point barriers were enhanced to add cost, rather than completely block travel, along an edge. Similarly, line and polygon barriers could either block travel or scale it. Note that point barriers can increase cost by addition and point and line barriers increase by multiplication.
So if you want to add cost every time a barrier is crossed, use added-cost point barriers. I figure you're looking at line barriers because you already have line data, so what you'd need to do is find where your lines cross roads, then turn those crossings into points. The Intersect GP tool is one option for that. (Make sure you set the Output Type parameter on Intersect to points). Once you have your points, you can assign added cost values to the points and load them into your network analysis layer.
If you already have point data, you wouldn't need to run Intersect of course. You could load the points directly.
Best,
Robert
