Hello Nauryzbek,
For Q1 related to Generate Depth Areas, that tool isn't looking at features outside the specified extent, the depth contours, and the input TIN. Because your TIN extends outside the areas you desire to be depth areas, using its extent wouldn't work. You will need to define a polygon to constrain the extent of the generated depth areas such as clipping your product coverage extent with the land areas and unsurveyed areas. Because your depth contours don't intersect with the extent of the area being generated, the output depth areas are extending beyond your intended boundaries.
For Q2 related to Generate Land Areas, there should be LNDARE or UNSARE features covering lake features based on guidance from the ENC Use of Object Catalogue (S-57 Appendix B.1 Annex A):
"Rivers, canals, lakes, basins and docks, which are not navigable at compilation scale, must be
encoded on top of LNDARE or UNSARE objects (see clause 5.4.8)."
You comment related to land area gap between contour 0M and 50M doesn't appear to apply to the data you provided, so I will speak about the tool more generally. This tool can essentially be used to fill your defined extent with LNDARE based on the presence of other features. Your extent will be topologically carved up into polygons using the edge information from features captured in the LandTopologyFeatures of the GenerateLandAreasSettings.xml file found in your [ArcGISPro Install]\Resources\Maritime folder. From those polygons, any which share area with any feature listed in the ExclusionFeatures group (from that setting XML file) will be eliminated and the remainder will be merged and output to your NaturalFeaturesA/ LNDARE_LandArea.
For your hypothetical question, you would want those raster holidays to be donut holes in the extent feature provided to the tool. These donut holes can be generated automatically when you delineate a TIN and then use the TIN boundary as the extent for GDA.
I hope that provides some clarity, but let me know if you have additional questions.
