I wanted to start with this as a question, but it may be better as an "Idea".
Typically, we only want designated Editors interacting with our data. In unique cases, it is also possible to enable "Public Data Collection" on a Feature Layer and share this layer with the Public: then, anyone (in or out of the organization) can add new features.
What we're trying to achieve is an editable FeatureLayer for all members of our Organization (without handing out Editor roles to everyone). It seems possible to use a 'Public Data Collection' layer embedded in a JavaScript map/app, but that still leaves the editable feature service open to the public (no matter how obscure the URL and programming pattern might be, that still seems more exposed than limiting access through Portal configurations -- and it adds some overhead for simple apps).
If there's no straightforward method here, I'd propose that "Enabling Public Data Collection" on a feature service could function similarly with layers shared with the Organization.
The true problem with letting people edit without an Editing license is it undermines ESRI's business model, so ESRI isn't going to do it.
I think our use case would be similar to this:
Public Data Collection & User Roles - PORTAL - Esri Community
in that we're not trying to transform "Viewers" into "Editors" (i.e., our Viewers would not need advanced map tools, would not perform spatial analysis, would not need ArcPro licenses... etc.) We're simply hoping that we could solicit 'input' from Viewers to enhance their experience and improve ESRI's suite. ...
Our goal was to keep a couple of 'user preferences' in a table associated with each of our Organization's users: specifically, and most in-demand, would be "layerList Bookmarks". This functionality has been requested several times, and the Bookmarks widget, with its mandatory map-extent-reset is a dealbreaker; that, and the Bookmark widget does not allow each user to customize their Bookmarks...
Solved: Buttons that select pre set layer groupings ? Comb... - Esri Community
Switch on individual layers of a map with a button
In the meantime, we'll proceed by enabling users to create bookmarks and other preferences via browser-cookies, but of course, that's not as persistent as a table ...