Maybe this would be possible with attribute rules and an additional "flag" attribute? I can't think how else you'd do this, except possibly with a query layer against an SDE table with archiving. Maybe just having a "previous ID" field, and highlighting features where the two do not match?
Basically, you need some way for each feature to somehow "hang on to" the previous attribute value, and there's not a great built-in way to do that.
- Josh Carlson
Kendall County GIS