at 10, you can't get KeyField and ForeignKey Field from a relationship class.
(if I'm not mistaken) starting at 10.1, those additional information including cardinality are exposed in MapServer SOAP API's RelateInfo type.
click this link http://sampleserver6.arcgisonline.com/arcgis/services/Census/MapServer?wsdl and look for RelateInfo type.
I have to use Rest API to get the values for the workaround currently.