Josh -
One way is to open SQL Server Management Studio and open the geodatabase in question (Databases tab -> Geodatabase -> Tables and Select (the Top 1000 rows) for the dbo.SDE_version repository table. The tables schema will have MAJOR, MINOR, BUGFIX, etc. The MAJOR is the release 9 or 10 for example and the MINOR is the dot release .3 or .1 for example.
Hope this helps!
Regards,
Robert LeClair
Esri-Denver