As I suspected, the commands you execute with ICommandItem::Execute show a window for user input. I do not think you can programmatically input
data into that window and programmatically "enter". You see, the command in question has already fulfilled its job which is to display the window. That
window which displays is an instance of a different class. It is not an instance of the command's class. So the window/form you see is a separate object
with its own properties and methods.
If anything could be done that could possibly automate the process a little more, it would be up to the developer of the command and the window.
For example, the developer can put default values in the form, but that would still not help. Had this been a geoprocessing tool (in a toolbox), you
could programmatically input the parameters of the tool and execute the tool in either VBA with ArcObjects or in a Python script/ModelBuilder, just
like you say. But a command that sits on a toolbar is not a geoprocessing tool (GP Function), and you cannot convert a command into a GP Function.
You would have to develop it in C#, VB.NET, C++ or Java using ArcObjects and make it do the same as the command and for that, you need the
source code of those commands, in the first place. Perhaps there are already equivalent HecGeoRas geoprocessing tools out there. I remember having
worked with some of the USACE commands a good while back for drainage/flood studies.
Anyway, programmatically executing a command with ICommandItem::Execute the way you are doing is intended more for those commands that
just do something without showing a form for input, like executing the Full Extent command, which avoids having to use finer-grained ArcObjects
code needed for doing what an existing command already does.