I agree that changing the licensing for the MapControl a decade after its release isn't a good thing. However, you probably don't need the control to perform those unit tests. Use the IMapDocument interface to open a document you've created for the tests and get the map reference from it. You should be able to draw your graphics and export them just fine. We have several programs that process directories full of map documents and export images and pdfs at various extents and scales withiout ever opening them for display.
Also, it is possible to create your own map control. The IActiveView interface has an Activate method that will allow you to associate the view with any control that has a drawing context (picture box, panel, etc). After calling Activate, you will need to call the Draw method inside that control's Paint event. I haven't bothered to try this in .NET yet but we created such a control in VB6 way back in 8.0.1 when the MapControl had yet to be released. I know this would mean extra development effort, but it is possible and could serve as a workaround to having to purchase another development license.