Right now I load "StreetMap North America.mxd" from ESRI Data Maps 10 for use with arcobjects / arcengine 10 in Visual Studio with C#. Since it's slow I am looking for a way to turn off all data except for data from Minnesota and Wisconsin. What are the main steps to accomplish this?
The first thing you will need to do is turn off (set the ILayer.Visible = false) all the irrelevant layers in the mentioned mxd (if there are any). Next, you need to apply a query defintion on the states layer, to make it display only the 2 mentioned states and hide the rest. That can be accomplished using the IFeatureLayerDefinition interface.
Since you mentioned this is an ArcGIS Engine application I would just make a copy of the mxd, open it in ArcMap, set the visibility and everything else like you want it, save it, and open this copy in the application.