Problem solved with the next code: ///<summary>Draw a specified graphic on the map using the supplied colors.</summary>
///
///<param name="map">An IMap interface.</param>
///<param name="geometry">An IGeometry interface. It can be of the geometry type: esriGeometryPoint, esriGeometryPolyline, or esriGeometryPolygon.</param>
///<param name="rgbColor">An IRgbColor interface. The color to draw the geometry.</param>
///<param name="outlineRgbColor">An IRgbColor interface. For those geometry's with an outline it will be this color.</param>
///
///<remarks>Calling this function will not automatically make the graphics appear in the map area. Refresh the map area after after calling this function with Methods like IActiveView.Refresh or IActiveView.PartialRefresh.</remarks>
public void AddGraphicToMap(double x, double y)
{
ESRI.ArcGIS.Display.IRgbColor rgbColorCls = new ESRI.ArcGIS.Display.RgbColorClass();
rgbColorCls.Red = 255;
rgbColorCls.Green = 255;
rgbColorCls.Blue = 255;
ESRI.ArcGIS.Geometry.Point p = new ESRI.ArcGIS.Geometry.Point();
p.X = x;
p.Y = y;
ESRI.ArcGIS.Geometry.IGeometry geometry = (IGeometry)p;
ESRI.ArcGIS.Carto.IGraphicsContainer graphicsContainer = (ESRI.ArcGIS.Carto.IGraphicsContainer)axMapControl1.Map; // Explicit Cast
ESRI.ArcGIS.Carto.IElement element = null;
IPictureMarkerSymbol MarkerSymbol = new ESRI.ArcGIS.Display.PictureMarkerSymbol();
MarkerSymbol.Size = 50;
MarkerSymbol.BitmapTransparencyColor = rgbColorCls;
MarkerSymbol.CreateMarkerSymbolFromFile(esriIPictureType.esriIPictureBitmap, @"D:\__VS\�?конки\Новая папка\�?она пожа�?а с�?ема.bmp");
ESRI.ArcGIS.Carto.IMarkerElement markerElement = new ESRI.ArcGIS.Carto.MarkerElementClass();
markerElement.Symbol = MarkerSymbol;
element = (ESRI.ArcGIS.Carto.IElement)markerElement; // Explicit Cast
element.Geometry = geometry;
graphicsContainer.AddElement(element, 0);
IActiveView activeView = axMapControl1.Map as IActiveView;
activeView.PartialRefresh(esriViewDrawPhase.esriViewGraphics, MarkerSymbol, null);
}