See the discussion here on the Windows Application template in the Choosing an ArcGIS for Desktop project template document. When you use the template you will have GUI options for defining your license and the binding code will be automatically added to the project for you. Once you have handled the proper license initialization and product binding you can start writing the ArcObjects code you need to make use of.
See the Connecting to geodatabases and databases document for some details on how to connect to your enterprise geodatabase. Then you could use something like IWorkspace.DatasetNames or the geoprocessors list methods to get at the feature classes.
IFeatureWorkspace fws = (IFeatureWorkspace)ws; IFeatureDataset opDS = fws.OpenFeatureDataset("Operational"); IFeatureDataset baseDS = fws.OpenFeatureDataset("Base"); IEnumDataset opEnum = opDS.Subsets; IEnumDataset baseEnum = baseDS.Subsets; IDataset opNext = opEnum.Next(); IDataset baseNext = baseEnum.Next(); while (baseNext != null) { IQueryFilter baseFilter = new QueryFilterClass(); IDataStatistics bds = new DataStatisticsClass(); IFeatureClass bfc = fws.OpenFeatureClass(baseNext.Name); if (baseNext.Name.Equals("FIELD1")) bds.Field = "FIELD1"; else if (baseNext.Name.Equals("FIELD2")) bds.Field = "FIELD2"; else { baseNext = baseEnum.Next(); continue; } IFeatureCursor bcurs = bfc.Search(null, false); bds.Cursor = (ICursor)bcurs; System.Collections.IEnumerator pEnum = bds.UniqueValues; pEnum.MoveNext(); while (pEnum.Current != null) { string f = pEnum.Current.ToString(); //etc etc }