Yes there is - we are using it. It detects your Windows user name and passes those credentials through to give permission to the app automatically, so people never have to log in. It's called "pass-through authentication". The person logged into the computer logs into the app, so you cannot log in as someone else into the app with a different person logged into the computer which could be a problem if you have people sharing computers.
I'm assuming you have a Windows server. You have to set Windows Domain in the ArcGIS Server security settings, as you cannot use pass-through authentication with GIS tier security. Select Users and roles from an existing enterprise system (LDAP or Windows Domain) and web tier authentication. We have groups set up to control access to different viewers, and the Windows user accounts are added to those groups. You have to be using the Web Adapter as well. In the IIS administrator, we disabled anonymous access and enabled Windows Authentication. Because anonymous access is disabled, all services require permissions, but services that you don't require permissions for could be assigned to a group like "domain users" / (everyone).
My IT guy did the Windows side of this stuff, but that's the basic idea. Note that if you are using a print service, it can cause problems and there is a wonky work around for a bug that you'll probably have to call Esri for which involves creating a new print service toolbox tool. We had an issue with computers not detecting the site as being a local intranet site so we had to add the app site to our home domain in everyone's browser settings (later done by group policy), even though it was already on the home domain and we had to have people change their bookmarks to remove the :6080 setting since the Web Adaptor took care of that portion. You may or may not have any of these issues.
