It seems the current ArcGIS runtime returns the source feature class name for a layer from a geodatabase and not the name as it shows in the ArcMap TOC. This was not the case in older versions of the .Net runtime (ie. for Store) Is this possible? I don't see it in any of the featurelayer properties now.
The geodatabase contains just the tabular data, and not the layers.
If you want the layers, you'll need to export a MobileMapPackage instead which will contain the entire map and its layers.