It looks like a bug and you should reach out to Esri Support.
ArcGIS Pro doesnt seem to be setting the projection correctly on the image layer. e.g the spatial reference authority is showing as 'custom' whereas it should be wkid: 6350.
You can fix this by defining the projection for the layer, with the gp tool, to use epsg: 6350 (NAD_1983_2011_Contiguous_USA_Albers / VCS:NAVD_1988)