Pro itself does not. However, you can use the ArcGIS Python API in a Jupyter Notebook inside of Pro to gather lists of content items and identify which maps / apps they are part of.
If you are working with Enterprise, you have the option of using the functions dependent_to and dependent_upon to identify such items quickly and easily. If you're on AGOL, those functions don't work (yet), but you can iterate over a list of items and look for references to a particular item or service.
- Josh Carlson
Kendall County GIS