The only thing I could suggest, with my experience, would be to create a completely new ArcPro project, create new connections to your database(s), add the layers you edit from your connection, and see if the issue persists.
If the issue does not persist then that would mean there is an underlying issue (probably next to impossible to identify the exact reason) with your “old” aprx. If the issue persists with the new aprx, then this would mean there is an underlying issue with the data which could probably be identified but it would require assistance from tech support via a screen share so the support technician could more specifically identify the data setup and hopefully the root cause of the issue.