I've been tasked with making a new locator for my locality's address data in ArcGIS Pro (2.9.5 for most in the organization, 3.1 for me) with one of the critical stipulations that it be backwards compatible to ArcMap (10.8.1). I have not been able to find any documentation regarding this specific aspect of locators being used across the two applications, but I can say that the locators I and my peers have made in Pro cannot be added at all to our ArcMap while older locators made in ArcMap are addable, viable, and function the same in both.
My assumption is that the extra available features from Pro locators cannot work correctly in ArcMap, but I am curious if anyone has additional insight in what specific features stop the use of a Pro generated locator in ArcMap. Likewise, any possible workaround in making a Pro generated locator work in ArcMap would be appreciated, such as reworking our data schema, building a less complex locator in Pro, or even Python scripting to transform it for ArcMap.
If it comes down to it, my recommendation will be to just have new, separate locators for the two applications and strongly suggest people geocode in Pro since it will offer a more robust locator.