In the documentation it's stated: "You can only connect to a federated server from ArcGIS Pro as a user. However, you can connect to a stand-alone server from ArcGIS Pro as a user, as a publisher, or an administrator."
There are several feature services in our Portal that do not appear as options when attempting to overwrite them in Pro even though I own the services in Portal. This is a big problem, as I will now have to delete, then recreate the web / map service. All of the customization and configuration in our Field Maps is wiped clean after doing this and will take hours to re-configure. Having an administrative connection to the federated server would allow us to overwrite the service cleanly.