When using the Image Server standalone product there were fields for a Title, Geographic area, etc. I don't see these anywhere in Mosaic Datasets. Is there anyway to associate a metadata file with the service?
The metadata is not stored in a unique way in the mosaic dataset. It contains metadata in the same way as other data in ArcGIS. Right-click the mosaic dataset and click Item Description. This opens a window where you can view and edit the metadata properties. For an example see Adding metadata in tutorial exercise 1.
The default Item Description metadata style lets you see and edit a simple set of metadata properties for an item. If you want to access the metadata using different styles, see Metadata styles and standards.