Dave,
My initial investigations have shown that these seem to work well. One behavioural change that stands out is that changes made in the geodatabase can now be downloaded to the mobile cache upon synchronization automatically.
On the face of it this is really good as it does away with the need to have one or more supplementary (non ArcGIS Mobile SDK) processes that fulfill the role of identifying changes between mobile cache and geodatabase pre SDK synchronization request.
However, I have found that quite a bit of traffic is communicated upstream during the synchronization. I guess this is currency information being pushed from the mobile cache to AGS so a call can be made on what data to send back down the wire. For small extents of data this doesn't seem to be an issue but for large extents of dense data this can be expensive in terms of upstream data volume and synchronization duration. A case in point is were there are no changes to the data but all the currency data for the extent in question has to be communicated to AGS in order to determine this fact. I assume this has to be done as no state information is maintained server-side so the currency landscape for a given mobile cache instance needs to be built up for the requested layers and extent each synchronization request.
This leaves me still thinking about implementating a supplementary process (AGS API, custom web service, etc) to determine what has changed that feeds into the SDK sync methods to get just the data I want.
Steve