Core does have a tool that you can use to choose which edit to keep, Version Changes command.
This hasn't changed since 10 years ago, at least from what I can see in Pro 3.3. I am surprised this was not in Arc since ArcView / ArcINFO 3.x. Multi user data review is not new nor unique to GIS. Karl you put it perfectly. This should be in a simple to use as a user interface. When it comes to reviewing mission critical data the focus should be the data, not building the airplane while we fly it. And when there are dozens or hundreds of field editors, there will be some incoming bad data that needs to be screened out. There are a million ways we could create a workaround with Python, models, but it should be out of the box. I'll ask the SDE team at UC this year about this workflow.
It would also be great to accept/reject/modify edits in Differences between Child to Child. Before posting. Not child to parent, like it is now, but Child to Child. Same Level. Additionally, it would be great to post upwards to target only for certain layers and even more specifically, certain records based on SQL attribute query. For example if I check in edits from child 1 I don't necessarily want to overwrite them from Child 2. I see the Conflict Filter option and will experiment; hopefully that can exclude entire feature classes too.
As I delve in to versioning I am surprised at the lack of QA/QC review tooling. Maybe I'm missing something, I'm still just beginning to understand it. The concept of multiple editors of data has been around since the 70s and since the advent of modern T-SQL in the 80s it would have been possible to implement QC tooling in ArcINFO.