Hi,
Yes. If you give aliases to your fields in ArcGIS, and then you "export" your data with Get data for ArcPad tool, it carries over the aliases. (Tested.) So if you open this exported .apm in AP and identify a feature, you can see the fields named by their aliases.
(You should you the above tool, because like mxd in ArcGIS, apm stores the extra info - such as aliases, macros and so on.)
Hope this helps
Zoltan