If I use composite callout boxes in my project and export the map to PDF, the lines of the boxes become very wavy and ugly. I've already tried every export setting, so I think the issue is probably in the callout itself. Does anyone have any idea what could be causing this?
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I think this may be related to BUG-000131663 for ArcGIS Pro - try the workaround in the link and see if that addresses the wavy line issue.
If not, then try this. If the callout (or anything underneath it) uses transparency, export a Flattened PDF (Share > Export Layout > Flattened PDF) to remove transparency tiling artifacts.