I found it very interesting, when using the Apply Symbology From Layer Tool, it can not transfer source layer's display filter settings to the target layer?
Found this related post:
Copying Display Filter symbology to multiple layer... - Esri Community
Any update since then?
In the Copy and paste properties between layers or tables Help documention here - Copy and paste properties between layers or tables | ArcGIS Pro documentation - there is a Paste Properties commend where you can paste only the display filters to the other layer. Would this work?