I've never used CAD or BIM but I can use ArcGISPro. Would it be possible to begin using CAD or BIM with my existing knowledge on Pro or would I need further education on CAD and BIM?
These are pretty big questions and hard to answer without knowing more about you. CAD products can be somewhat similar to Pro but there are many differences and they all have a learning curve. My best advice is to go ahead and get your feet wet with using these programs as that knowledge is very valuable.
Are you a student? Are you employed by an company who has these software programs? What do you want to do with CAD software? What industry do you work in?