Hi Drew, I've tested your COGO values in ArcMap, and I'm seeing a closure of 2.176 feet - this is the same as the Misclose Distance that the traverse tool in Pro gives:
Also, in your above graphic, there are also Residual values that indicate that this misclosure is getting adusted out. For example, the first course in the ArcMap COGO traverse is showing a residual value of 0.556 feet. This is the amount that this particular line was adjusted to account for the Misclosure.
I think that what you may be seeing is that the Pro Traverse is not automatically adjusting the geometry because it is outside the test closure tolerance. You can set this value higher in the traverse options:
-Tim