nav[aria-label="Primary Navigation"] { padding: 0; & ul { list-style: none; width: 100%; display: flex; flex-direction: row; justify-content: start; align-items: start; gap: 30px; padding: 0; & li { margin: 0; } & ul li { list-style: none; } } }

Terrain Ruggedness Index (TRI) と Vector Ruggedness Measurement (VRM) - DEM上の起伏を定量化する2つの新しいArc Hydro機能

EzraBosworth-Ahmet

地形解析の重要性

地形の特性を定量化することは、堆積物輸送モデリング、生態学的研究、地形学的な地形評価、土砂災害リスク評価など、多くの解析ワークフローで有益です。地形解析を支援するために、Arc HydroはTerrain Ruggedness Index (TRI) ツールとVector Ruggedness Measure (VRM) ツールを地形前処理機能に追加しています。

TRIとVRMが地形解析に貢献する方法

Terrain Ruggedness Index:

TRIはDEMの隣接セル間の標高差の量を表します。Rileyら（1999）によって開発され、「A Terrain ruggedness Index That Quantifies Topographic heterogeneity」という論文で発表された手法を用いて、このツールは中心セルとその周囲8セルの標高値の差を測定します。次に、その8つの標高差を二乗して平均し、その平均値の平方根が中心セルのTRI測定値となります。この計算はDEMのすべてのセルで実行されます。

Vector Ruggedness Measure:

VRMは、近傍内のグリッドセルの三次元方向性の変動として地形の起伏を測定する方法を提供します。傾斜と方位が単一の指標にまとめられ、地形の起伏を単なる傾斜や標高から切り離して評価できます。VRMは最初にHobson（1972）による「Surface roughness in topography: quantitative approach」で提案され、その後Sappingtonら（2007）による「Quantifying landscape ruggedness for animal habitat analysis: A case study using bighorn sheep in the Mojave Desert.」で適応されました。

両ツールスクリプトはカリフォルニア大学サンタクルーズ校のBarry Nickel博士によって開発されたジオプロセシングワークフローを使用しています。

TRIとVRMの入手場所

多くの生態学者や地質学者が研究や地形理解を深めるためにTRIとVRMを利用しています。このツールリリース以前は、解析者は一連のジオプロセシングステップでTRIとVRMを導出するか、自作ツールを書く必要がありました。現在、両ツールはArcMap 10.8.0.37およびArcGIS Pro内Arc Hydroビルド2.6.26のTerrain Preprocessingツールボックスで利用可能です。将来のArc Hydroリリースでもこれらツールがサポートされます。

ツールの使い方

TRIツールは入力としてDEMのみを必要とします。出力は隣接セル間の標高差をメートル単位で表すTRIラスターデータセットです。出力値は入力DEM解像度に依存します。

VRMツールには2つの入力パラメータがあります。1つは解析用DEM、もう1つは解析用近傍サイズを指定する整数です。大きなウィンドウサイズは有用ですが、多くの場合景観が平滑化されるため、デフォルトではウィンドウサイズは3に設定されています。出力は0（平坦）から1（最も起伏が激しい）の無次元起伏値であるVRMラスターデータセットです。自然地形では典型的な値は0から0.5までであり、起伏がある景観は0.02より大きいと定義されます。

タグ付けされた投稿をもっと見る

Arc Hydro

AlbertHeim

This is good news, and exactly what I need!

ErinMorrison

Hi! I'm so glad that someone has created a TRI function. However, I tried to run it and am coming up against this error:

Failed to execute. Parameters are not valid.
ERROR 010391: Kernel file is not provided or does not exist.
Failed to execute (FocalStatistics).

Any help would be appreciated, thanks!

Wei-HsinFu1

ErinMorrison,

I had the same problem, ERROR 010391 when running in Pro. The problem went away after I reinstalled ArcHydro with a different installation file which can be found here:

http://downloads.esri.com/archydro/archydro/setup/Pro/

The first installation file I used does not have a label for version and I believe some Esri page says it works for all Pro version. But apparently it does not. You can find installation files for Pro 2.0 and 2.6. I use Pro 2.6 and the second installation works fine.

I did not try it with ArcMap. Here is the page with installation file for ArcMap 10.8.

https://downloads.esri.com/archydro/archydro/Setup/10.8/

Here is the page that helped me:

https://community.esri.com/t5/water-resources-documents/downloading-and-installing-arc-hydro-tools/ta-p/1019324

Hope it works out for you.

EzraBosworth-Ahmet

It has come to my attention that my initial post linked to a version of Arc Hydro that had an error in the TRI script. I have since updated the blog to link to the right download locations.

@ErinMorrison, I hope you were able to get the tool working.

Thank you @Wei-HsinFu1 for bringing the issue to my attention and clearly explaining the solution!

SimaMohtashami1

I am trying to run "Terrian Ruggedness" over a DTM (2m) for my study area. unfortunately the tool does not produce any result, ending up in following error, any idea how I can solve it?

Thanks, Sima

010240: Could not save raster dataset to <value> with output format <value>

EzraBosworth-Ahmet

@SimaMohtashami1, what is your output file format? Is your output ending with a ".tif"?

SimaMohtashami1

I didn't define any prefix for the output raster, so I guess it should be created in Grid format, when the tool is successfully run.

Now I tested to save the output raster in a file geodatabase, and it went well! I don't know what the explanation can be!

It would be nice to provide more specific description on input/output file in a help-window of the script, to achieve more problem-fri runs of the tool.

Thank you, Sima

CatherineMcElroy

I've downloaded ArcMap 10.8.0.33 and the 10.8.0.34x64 version and the Terrain Ruggedness Index isn't listed, nor the Vector Ruggedness Measurement for either version. All of the other tools seem to be there, however. I'm not sure if it's a version problem. Has anyone found this as well? Thank you!

DeanDjokic

Please make sure you look into "Arc Hydro Tools Python" toolbox under the "Terrain Preprocessing" toolset. They should be there at the bottom of the list.

Brume

Failed to execute. Parameters are not valid.
ERROR 010333: Invalid Weight neighborhood mask:
Failed to execute (FocalStatistics).
('line 219', 'c:\\program files (x86)\\arcgis\\desktop10.8\\ArcToolbox\\Scripts\\archydro\\terrainruggednessindex.py', '')

Does any know how to solve the above problem encountered when calculating Terrain Ruggedness Index (TRI)?

Thanks!

EzraBosworth-Ahmet

@Brume, After further inspection of the ArcMap build, it looks like the auxiliary files needed for the tool to run successfully were not included in the download. I have created a new Arc Hydro build that has the required files. Please uninstall the existing build on your machine and install the new build here. The TRI tool should work as expected. I have also updated the blog post to now link to the correct version of the build.

Thanks,

Ezra

CinziaForcina

Hi,

I am trying to run "Terrian Ruggedness" over a DTM 5x5. But the process doesn't create anything and reports the following error:

('line 211', 'c:\\program files\\arcgis\\pro\\Resources\\ArcToolbox\\Scripts\\archydro\\terrainruggednessindex.py', 'AssertionError')

Can you help me?

I use Arcgis PRO, I tryed to execute the tool from two last version there are on download page.

Thanks

IsaacPope

@EzraBosworth-Ahmet I am having the same issue as @CinziaForcina:

('line 211', 'c:\\program files\\arcgis\\pro\\Resources\\ArcToolbox\\Scripts\\archydro\\terrainruggednessindex.py', 'AssertionError')

Is there any way of fixing this?

martinschaefer1

I am likewise experiencing the AssertionError, has anyone found a solution?

EzraBosworth-Ahmet

Hi @martinschaefer1 , I am having trouble reproducing this error on my end. Can you provide some more information on the software setup and workflow? This document outlines the best way to report the issue for us to troubleshoot effectively.

martinschaefer1

Hi @EzraBosworth-Ahmet I've since been able to run the same workflow with the same data on a different PC that is not set up by our central IT, and it works. So if you cannot reproduce it and I can run it on a different setup I have to assume they've done something strange. PCA won't run either on that PC.

Thanks you for checking back.

EzraBosworth-Ahmet

@martinschaefer1 okay, thanks for the update!

TianyiShen

Copying kernel files to temp directory: \ArcGis\Pro\Yarlung Tsangpo\scratch\TerrainRuggednessKernels
Calculating northwest raster ...
('line 211', 'c:\\program files\\arcgis\\pro\\Resources\\ArcToolbox\\Scripts\\archydro\\terrainruggednessindex.py', 'AssertionError')
('line 211', 'c:\\program files\\arcgis\\pro\\Resources\\ArcToolbox\\Scripts\\archydro\\terrainruggednessindex.py', 'AssertionError')

what is the probelm about line 211?

AyushiSharma

Hello! I have ArcMap 10.6, can i install the latest arc hydro toolbox on my system as I need to use the VRM tool. Thanks

EzraBosworth-Ahmet

Hi @AyushiSharma - you will need ArcMap 10.8 with at least the 10.8.0.37 Arc Hydro build to get access to VRM and TRI.

Shannon-McKinnion

Hello!

In attempting to use the Terrain Roughness Index and Vector Roughness tools, I have encountered an error that results in a warning and no file or data being generated.

ArcGIS Pro 3.4.0 Attempts to update Arc Hydro Pro to 3.2.28 results in a "another version of this product is already installed" message

For Terrain Roughness Index, I get the following warning:

Terrain Ruggedness Index
=====================
Tool Path

Input Terrain Raster Rasters\pt172_lasdat
Output Ruggedness Raster C:\Users\shann\OneDrive - Central Washington University\Past Quarters\Fall 2023\Documents\ArcGIS\Projects\Grewingk\Layers\tri.172tif
=====================
Messages

Terrain Ruggedness Index
=====================
Tool Path

Start Time: Tuesday, January 7, 2025 10:39:02 AM
Copying kernel files to temp directory: C:\Users\shann\OneDrive - Central Washington University\Past Quarters\Fall 2023\Documents\ArcGIS\Projects\Grewingk\scratch\TerrainRuggednessKernels
Calculating northwest raster ...
('line 211', 'c:\\program files\\arcgis\\pro\\Resources\\ArcToolbox\\Scripts\\archydro\\terrainruggednessindex.py', '')
('line 211', 'c:\\program files\\arcgis\\pro\\Resources\\ArcToolbox\\Scripts\\archydro\\terrainruggednessindex.py', '')
Finished at 2025-01-07 10:39:03
Succeeded at Tuesday, January 7, 2025 10:39:03 AM (Elapsed Time: 0.93 seconds)

For Vector Roughness tools, I get the following warning:

Vector Ruggedness Measure
=====================
Tool Path

Input Elevation Raster Rasters\pt172_lasdat
Neighborhood Distance 100 Meters
Window Size 3
Output Raster C:\Users\shann\OneDrive - Central Washington University\Past Quarters\Fall 2023\Documents\ArcGIS\Projects\Grewingk\Grewingk.gdb\vrm172.tif
=====================
Messages

Start Time: Tuesday, January 7, 2025 10:40:04 AM
Calling c:\program files\arcgis\pro\Resources\ArcToolbox\Scripts\archydro\vectorruggednessmeasurement.xyzxy.executeAH(arg1, arg2)
Vertical units were not found from the input raster's vertical coordinate system...
----Using the raster's horizontal units...
----if vertical units are not the same as horizontal units, use Define Projection tool on input raster then rerun VRM tool
Calculating slope...
Calculating z component from slope...
Calculating aspect...
Calculating x component from aspect...
Calculating y component from aspect...
Calculating x raster...
Calculating y raster...
Calculating z raster...
Calculating Vector Ruggedness Measurement...
('line 235', 'c:\\program files\\arcgis\\pro\\Resources\\ArcToolbox\\Scripts\\archydro\\vectorruggednessmeasurement.py', 'RuntimeError: ERROR 010240: Could not save raster dataset to vrm172.tif with output format FGDBR.')
('line 235', 'c:\\program files\\arcgis\\pro\\Resources\\ArcToolbox\\Scripts\\archydro\\vectorruggednessmeasurement.py', 'RuntimeError: ERROR 010240: Could not save raster dataset to vrm172.tif with output format FGDBR.')
Finished at 2025-01-07 10:40:10
Succeeded at Tuesday, January 7, 2025 10:40:11 AM (Elapsed Time: 6.53 seconds)

Is there something missing that should be installed???

Thank you
Shannon McKinnion

EzraBosworth-Ahmet

Hi @Shannon-McKinnion, looks like the issue is that you are trying to save the output raster as a TIF (.tif extension is the default output format) to a file geodatabase. If you want to save your output to your geodatabase, simply remove the file extension. That being said, we recommend using TIFs, as they are more performant for processing. To save the output as a TIF, simply set the location of the file directly to your project folder, or create a new folder within your project called "Layers" for output TIFs. Here's a link to our project best practices for more information on this.

会話に参加する

サインインしたメンバーは投稿、更新のフォローなどができます。初めてですか？無料アカウントを登録してください。

クイックリンク

Community Help
Find useful guides, FAQs, and documents to help you navigate and make the most of Esri Community.