I see in the Workforce administrators troubleshooting page, it says that even if you turn location tracking off, the mobile workers' current locations are still shown on the maps.
Troubleshooting for project owners—Workforce for ArcGIS | ArcGIS
Looking at the database schema then, is the mobile app updating the Shape field of the Workers table when location tracking is turned off?
Workforce schema—Workforce for ArcGIS | ArcGIS