A CAD file (.dxf) was sent to me and I extracted it to a geodatabase (in my projection) but it shows up 420 Km west of where it should. Is there a way to fix this? Anything I do to project it results in no change. I'm not sure what is going on.
Sounds like you are going to re-digitize the "graphic" and Create a new feature class? If you are giving up on defining your projection correctly then you should covert the DXF to a feature class then Georefernce the data in ArcMap instead. As a reference layer load a feature class that is in the projection that you want and contains lines or points that are shown in your CAD drawing. This could be a layer with Survey control points that are shown on your DXF or an airphoto of the area you are working with (e.g., has a road that is shown on your DXF).
See details at for georeferencing:
http://help.arcgis.com/en/arcgisdesktop/10.0/help/index.html#/Georeferencing_a_CAD_dataset/001000000010000000/
As a side note, at ArcGIS 10.5.1/10.4.1 they changed how what data is allowed in a project file (.prj). In the past you could include comments in your PRJ file. Now if you have comments the prj file will not be read by ArcMap. Check your .prj that came with your DXF and remove any comments.
Rich
Not sure what 'that is correct' applies but
Cad to Geodatabase ... to convert the cad data
What are the values of the current coordinates in the cad file? are the X values in the range -180 to +180 and the Y's in the -90 to +90? If they aren't, then they aren't in Geographic coordinates and you may be using an arbitrary coordinate system etc.
That is correct.
do you mean it you can't convert it?
convert, Define (actual) Projection/coordinate system, then Project to the desired coordinate system would be the workflow
Thanks for the suggestions. The original file is WGS 84 wkid 4326 authority EPSG. I need it in NAD 83 UTM zone 16N. I have tried to convert it to a coverage, geodatabase etc again but still no luck.
Usually a cad file has a translation, rotation and/or scaling relative to original base map to make the sketch convenient for vision. Generally there is a cad layer labeling the original controlling coordinate points by which you can fix the projection.(this layer may be turned off in cad). Map provider should be consulted if no controlling points layer.
There are two important things to know when we re-project, one you must know the input coordinate system in which it was drawn/designed and another is output projection. I assume that you should confirm your Input (CAD file) projection.
I would suggest to specify your input and target projection on your question. So one can understand the issue better.
If you don't know the input projection of your CAD file, you can go through following link to figure it out.
How To: Identify an unknown projected coordinate system using ArcMap
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