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Doubt on "Select By Attributes" In ArcMap

PanGIS

Hi guys,

What is sounds very strange to me has probably a meaning for an expert in SQL or in the attribute selection in ArcGIS.

Why, if I search for all the records "greater or equal than" a letter, the letter is included in the search but if I search for "smaller or equal than" a letter, this is excluded?

It works the same either with or without %.

Thanks.

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mody_buchbinder

Try name <= 'Pz"

This will find everything that start with a P (accept when it start with Pz) . I do not remember what is the next ascii after z

Have fun

Mody

JoshuaBixby

I encourage you to read sql - Equals(=) vs. LIKE - Stack Overflow, I think it will help you understand your results.

TedKowal

Personally I use coding when I am string comparing stuff using < > operators on letters..... then I can compare numbers!

Convert string to ASCII value python - Stack Overflow

TedKowal

Without the wildcard you would be comparing ascii value of P to ascii value of P so "in a sense" you are filtering name >= 80 or name <= 80.

Please bear in mind a space also has a value....and in some database would influence the results: P[space] <> P "P " <> "P>.

So technically my answer to you is yes....

However it can get complicated real quickly with other bumps in the road that I did not mention --- character sets that you are using will have some influence ... My assumption you are using the standard Latin-1 set. Another bump in road is the database you are using.... some database use a dictionary for string comparison and others use a binary operation. So in dictionary sense my example with space would not be correct "P " = "P" whereas in a database using binary operations my answer would be correct "P " <> "P". I was trying real hard in keeping the answer simple..... When you introduce "NULL" values there are even more issues!

JoeBorgione

I just tried it with <= 'P%' on some street names; I got two streets named 'P' and no other streets that start with 'P'.

I can get ALL the streets that start with 'P' using StreetName < 'Q' and of course all the others that go along with that.

To get all the streets that start with 'P' long with all streets less than 'P' I would use:

StreetName <= 'P%' or StreetName like 'P%'

What is your objective with these queries?

Pan gis‌

PanGIS

Thanks for your replies

Joe

even if I drop the % the result I get is exactly the same >= will include P and <= will exclude it.

A bit naive as question maybe, but if I type = my brain expects to get the "P" anyway, but my brain doesn't work in SQL.

Ted ,

you opened the door of a new world

Would you answer apply without considering the wildcard but the simple P?

(Maybe you already answer here above but I need you to confirm )

I checked the lowercase and it is here!! :

TedKowal

It is because SQL compares strings by Ascii Values when using comparison operators. If you insert a wildcard -- the representative strings returned are included.

for example

"p" > "P" would return true -- the decimal value for "p" is 112 and the decimal value for "P" is 80

name >= "P%" would compare name with the returned values of "Pxxxxxx" So "P" by itself will be excluded, "Paulding" would be included as well as "p" (lower case has a higher ascii value than uppercase).

JoeBorgione

Drop the % sign in both of your queries. Instead of value >= 'P%' just use >= 'P' That will get you everything that starts with 'P' through Z.

If you use <= 'P', you'll get everything from A-P as well as those values that start with 0-9.

I use < 'A' all the time to find numerically 'named' streets...

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