According to the documentation, Esri states "Connections from ArcGIS software to databases in the cloud must originate from machines in the same cloud. For best performance, connections should originate from machines in the same cloud region. In the majority of cases, connection and query performance is poor when you connect from ArcGIS clients installed on-premises to databases in the cloud or make connections between clients and databases in different cloud regions, and connections may time out."
I interpret this as, if you're going to have people in your organization connect to data in the enterprise geodatabase from computers on your network, then you should host your geodatabase on-premise and not in the cloud.
Can anyone confirm, or comment, on this interpretation?