ArcGIS Desktop and Pro have system requirements with Windows, specifically .NET and (for desktop) Visual C++ Redistributable runtime. Note the Can you run it? app linked from the system requirements pages provides lots of useful information, but it only checks for .NET, not the VC++ Redistributable. (If you attempt an install with required software missing, you are likely to have a failed install with the message of components missing to be found in the windows installer logfile. Easier to check first!)
Here is how you can find out whether your version is up to date to the one listed in the system requirements for the software you wish to install.
