Update shapefile's field using nearest shapelife

Question

I have a polyline shapefile (1.500.000 road segments) and  a point shapefile (the road segment's name). What is the most efficient way to update the polyline shapefile using info from the point shapefile.

Do i have to use a specific tool i.e SelectLayerByLocation_management and a cursor? Is there a more efficient way?

DanPatterson_Retired · Answer

not with Near Near—Help | ArcGIS Desktop or spatial join Spatial Join—Help | ArcGIS Desktop

proximity is calculated for both of those using relationships described here

How proximity tools calculate distance—Help | ArcGIS Desktop

sotokan80_ · Answer

The distance between point and polyline is calculated from polyline's middlepoint?

DanPatterson_Retired · Answer

Near tool? Spatial Join? etc? depends on what you want the final results to look like