I've found this list in a few community posts but I have been able to attach files of other types (like .DWG) in AGOL. I think this list is only for editing tables in Map Viewer Classic. Does a full list exist out there for what is allowed to be attached with the AddAttachment call? So far I haven't had luck finding it.
7Z, AIF, AVI, BMP, CSV, DOC, DOCX, DOT, ECW, EMF, EPS, GEOJSON, GIF, GML, GPKG, GTAR, GZ, IMG, J2K, JP2, JPC, JPE, JPEG, JPF, JPG, JSON, M4A, MDB, MID, MOV, MP2, MP3, MP4, MPA, MPE, MPEG, MPG, MPV2, PDF, PNG, PPT, PPTX, PS, PSD, QT, RA, RAM, RAW, RMI, SID, TAR, TGZ, TIF, TIFF, TXT, VRML, WAV, WMA, WMF, WMV, WPS, XLS, XLSX, XLT, XML, and ZIP
https://doc.arcgis.com/en/arcgis-online/reference/work-with-tables.htm#ESRI_SECTION2_3C99CF74A5C74A0AA0AD4A619F4457D7