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How do I create a boundary points layer with updated Highway Postmile values?

DanielBrenner

I have a polyline layer for State Highways and a polygon layer of Urban Areas. I need to create a points layer where the highways intersect the boundaries of the Urban Areas.

Also, the highways layer has Postmile values in it. When I create the "boundary points" layer, I need to have updated Postmile values.

For example: If I have a Highway with Begin Postmile = 0 and End Postmile = 19, if the Highway intersects the boundary of the Urban Area at 6, then my Points layer should have fields looking like this:

BEGIN END

0 6

6 10

I have done something similar using another software but I'd like to think its simpler in ArcGIS.

Thanks,

Dan B

BOUNDARY POINT LAYER.doc

ROUTES_CROSSING_BOUNDARIES_DEC14UPD.doc

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DanielBrenner

Richard,

THANK YOU for everything you have done. I was pleasantly frazzled to see

as much as you did on the Weekend (couldn't drink fast enough while my

favorite College Football team went down in the rain).

Apologies if this isn't ArcGIS centric but this is a video that comes

veryclose to what I need (points at boundaries with correct

measurements). It is for a product called Geomedia Professional 2014.

Have a pleasant 4 day weekend.

Cheers,

Daniel Brenner

Vid_3_Getting_New_Points.zip

<https://drive.google.com/file/d/0BylRmhhZJe0wZUFWWmFXTFFaQXM/view?usp=drive_web>

DanielBrenner

Richard,

For the time being, just as a basic FYI, just in case it might be an

issue, I would hold off on putting in any more effort on the question I am

having as I just heard I need to use the Odometer measures instead of the

Postmiles, which may lead to different end results which also may not be as

hard to ascertain.

I will be in touch again if I need your assistance.

Thanks again and again for your help.

Daniel Brenner

RichardFairhurst

I am not sure what earlier e-mail you are referring to that contains links for downloading the routes and cities layers. I have scanned the posts in this thread and am unable to pick out any post that has provided such a link. If I have overlooked it please provide the date and time of the post.

The reapportionment step is where the thread got confusing for me. I see no way to avoid a Python script for that step given the calibration requirements you have emphasized. However, using a Python script does not necessarily mess things up. In fact I would recommend writing a Python script to do the entire process so that it can be repeated easily in the future as the Urban boundaries and highway network continue to change. A well written Python script will document your process, provide a huge performance gain and can ultimately make that last update step as easy as pressing a button.

Also in an earlier post you mentioned that you offset the rural segments from the urban segments by a distance of 0.001 miles to separate the ends of the polylines. However, that amount of offset translates to over 5 feet of separation, which would create a significant sink hole if that amount of pavement was to open up and separate in the real world. If you insist on applying an artificial offset to separate the end points of the lines I would recommend that you reexamine your resolution and tolerance settings and consider an offset value closer to the equivalent of a crack in the pavement, not a sink hole.

DanielBrenner

You are somewhat on the right track but there is a key point you are

missing( although I need to clarify an issue on my end as well). Please go

back to the very beginning.

The key problem with the line work right now is that there are a good

number of segments (the layer is 2500+ segments BTW) that cross urban

boundaries. I need the segments to BREAK at urban boundaries after the

polylines have been aggregated into another total value.

Your examples in #1 and 2 are what I need, and I am even figuring that I

do need new fields for the new measurement values, but the

"reapportionment" stuff (and needing a Python script) is messing things up.

I will be in the Office in the next hour or less and can tell you more.

Thank you for your efforts. Can you doenload the routes and cities layers

from an earlier email?

RichardFairhurst

So to be clear, please separately confirm that you had no LRS routes based on postmiles already created prior to posting this issue. If that is the case, then I am assuming that the postmile values in your fields were measured/estimated by field staff relative to actual mile posts or by some other means that did not involved using LRS techniques and route calibration. Do you have any point layer for the actual mile posts positions that can be used for calibration in addition to the polyline end points? If such points exist between the end points of your lines they could alter the accuracy of the postmile distances interpolated between the line end points.

Please let me know if the following example accurately describes what you want to accomplish.

1. Say I have a highway made up of 5 polyline segments with the following from and to postmiles.

0 to 2

2 to 5

5 to 8

8 to 12

12 to 19

2. If the urban boundaries intersected these segments at postmile positions 1 to 6 inclusive and 10 to 17 inclusive that would produce the following segments designated either Rural or Urban as follows:

0 to 1 Rural

1 to 2 Urban

2 to 5 Urban

5 to 6 Urban

6 to 8 Rural

8 to 10 Rural

10 to 12 Urban

12 to 17 Urban

17 to 19 Rural

3. If I ignore the Rural segments and just extract the 5 Urban segments I would create two new fields to hold the reapportionment of the Urban postmile measures. I would continue to use the first postmile measures of 1 to 6 for the first sets of 3 urban segments, but I would adjust the postmile measures of the second set of 2 urban segments to eliminate the postmile offset created by the gap separating it from the first set of urban segments. So taking just the 5 urban segments I would have a polyline with two fields showing the original postmile measures and two fields showing the reapportioned postmile measures as follows:

1 to 2 original urban and 1 to 2 reapportioned urban

2 to 5 original urban and 2 to 5 reapportioned urban

5 to 6 original urban and 5 to 6 reapportioned urban

10 to 12 original urban and 6 to 8 reapportioned urban

12 to 17 original urban and 8 to 13 reapportioned urban

Total Urban postmiles = Beginning at original highway postmile 1 there are 12 Urban postmiles covered by these polylines (To postmile minus From postmile = postmile 13 - postmile 1 = 12 postmiles).

If the above example is a correct presentation of what you want to do, this can be done using LRS techniques to obtain the postmile segments of section 2, but you would need a custom Python script to perform the steps needed to create the output shown in section 3.

DanielBrenner

Correct.

Thank you,

Daniel T. Brenner

RESEARCH ANALYST I (GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS)

DIVISION OF RESEARCH, INNOVATION, and SYSTEM INFORMATION

Highway System Information and Performance

1120 N Street MS 38

Sacramento, CA 95814

(916) 657-4277

(510) 593-7547 cell

daniel.brenner@dot.ca.gov

“Consider the unconsidered.”

“Certainty is not a sure thing!”

RichardFairhurst

I think I may be able to work out the solution, but I need to confirm some assumptions I have about the original data you have. I assume you have:

1. A polyline feature class/shapefile containing a set of polyline segments that make up a highway network.

A. Each highway is made up of many polyline segments.

B. Each polyline segment contains a field containing a highway ID value that can be used to select all of the polylines that make up a complete highway.

C. Each polyline contains a pair of double fields listing the From and To postmile values for that polyline.

D. The From field value is always lower than the To field value so that the postmile measures are always increasing.

E. The orientation of the polyline geometry matches the orientation of the From and To postmile measures.

F. The highways are generally using a single centerline to represent bidirectional travel rather than a dual centerline to represent each direction of travel separately.

G. The polyline segments have had some topological validation to eliminate most dangles, self-intersections and overlaps where segments meet end to end.

H. You are only concerned with postmile distances along highway through lanes and you can easily exclude highway ramps that may be in the network from this analysis.

I. If any branching occurs you are willing to isolate and process these branches separately. This may happen at interchanges or along highway's that alternate between single centerlines and dual centerlines as the directions of travel alternately parallel and diverge from each other along a given route,

2. A polygon feature class/shapefile containing urban and rural boundaries.

A. The polygons have been created separately from the highway network and/or there has been little or no topological control where the polygons and the polylines are supposed to represent the same boundary/centerline.

B. The polygons have not been topologically validated and in all likelihood contain small slivers and gaps between boundaries that are supposed to be identical. (This only poses a concern along boundaries that follow highway centerlines for the purposes of this assignment).

I am assuming you do not already have a LRS route network that actually has stored the calibrated postmile measure coordinates in the highway polyline geometry. If your polyline network actually stores measure coordinates in the polyline geometry that match the From and To measures of your fields that eliminates a large section of steps and is critical to know. Looking at your original post it appears you may have some kind of LRS routes with postmile measures already available, so it is crucial to know if that is the case and how it relates to the polyline segments you are trying to process.

Almost every highway network has some geometry that does not follow the simple rules that only apply to simple routes that have non-repeating increasing measures. No program exists that can cover every possible real world highway configuration without some manual intervention. If you do not already have a validated LRS route network and are provided steps that work for more than 90% of your network, you will have to be satisfied with that. The law of diminishing returns sets in for the last 10% where it usually is less time consuming and more accurate to process it manually than it is to try to develop a programmatic approach, unless you are dealing with a massive data set at least 100 times larger than 2500 segments.

RichardFairhurst

Your example does not answer my questions, because it is unfocused and you expect me to filter out the useless segments in the table view and reorder the segments in my mind to find the measure patterns you expect. That is not worth my time or anyone else's.

Set the table view to only show selected records. Then using Iona Ave as an example, select only those segments that you are interested in on that route, i.e., select just the segments that you care about for a single measure pattern. I assume you would select the segments in just the urban areas, but I cannot be sure. Whatever you select should be sorted by the measure fields so I can determine what pattern your measures should follow. If the measures shown in the table are not the actual final measure values you really want/expect, create some new fields and write the actual values you expect or overwrite the values in the existing fields using a graphics program.

DanielBrenner

Richard:

PLEASE FORGET THAT this is residentially based. Imagine Iona Avenue as a

Highway! Look at the table and look at the measurement values. Forget

the Descriptions at the end. Look at the Postmile measurement values.

This is ideally how the end results should look.

image.png

DanielBrenner

I am utterly confused by your illustrations and objections to the results

you are getting, and do not think you have ever expressed your end

objective clearly *(I believe I have. You may be responding to the fact

that there have been attempts at answering my questions that have fallen

short).* Your expectations on what measures you think should be reported

when gaps in the Urban events occurs is particularly confusing. Why should

you want or expect the measures of separate urban areas to act like there

is no gap when there is a gap in the full set of lines you used?

To get what you want answer these questions.

If the original set of lines has postmile 0 outside of the urban area, will

the starting urban area postmile use whatever postmile it happens to fall

at on the original complete route? * YES! That is the point of the

assignment! *

Or does it need to crate a new independent route that restarts at 0? * NO.

The Postmiles for the Highway continue to accumulate for the same route. *

Does the end postmile of the Urban route have to hold the measure that

would have been reported on the original route for that end point? *Given

that I will re-aggregate the segments to get another set of values would

make me sense that I would have another end postmile value. For right

now given that it is a Highway Network I do know I need to be respectful of

the original Postmile if it is not = 0. *

Or does it need to report a measure based only on the cumulative lengths

that fall within the urban areas that are independent of the original

measures? *NO. For the most correct measures I need to re-aggregate the

segments. Based on this new set of Postmiles, the Postmile measures at

the intersections of a boundary are what I need. *I.e., if two separate

urban areas on the same route would originally measure 0 to 4 and 6 to 8

with measures 4 to 6 being rural, will the urban only measures that you

want also be 0 to 4 and 6 to 8 or do you want them to report measures from

0 to 4 and 4 to 6 as though no rural segment existed between them? *Thank

you for that reminder; I have not raised the issue for this assignment. In

similar assignments before, I know we/I have added .001 onto From values

for segments strting/ending in in rural areas. I will re-assess this

shortly. *

I think the best way to get step by step instructions would be for you to

provide us with a shapefile of a complete set of polylines for a single

highway that has several urban areas separated by rural areas along the

full highway rout. That way we could all be working through the same data

and compare the actual measure results each process produces to the

measures that you would expect. for that example.

RichardFairhurst

I am utterly confused by your illustrations and objections to the results you are getting, and do not think you have ever expressed your end objective clearly. Your expectations on what measures you think should be reported when gaps in the Urban events occurs is particularly confusing. Why should you want or expect the measures of separate urban areas to act like there is no gap when there is a gap in the full set of lines you used?

To get what you want answer these questions.

If the original set of lines has postmile 0 outside of the urban area, will the starting urban area postmile use whatever postmile it happens to fall at on the original complete route? Or does it need to create a new independent route that restarts at 0?

Does the end postmile of the Urban route have to hold the measure that would have been reported on the original route for that end point? Or does it need to report a measure based only on the cumulative lengths that fall within the urban areas that are independent of the original measures? I.e., if two separate urban areas on the same route would originally measure 0 to 4 and 6 to 8 with measures 4 to 6 being rural, will the urban only measures that you want also be 0 to 4 and 6 to 8 or do you want them to report measures from 0 to 4 and 4 to 6 as though no rural segment existed between them?

I think the best way to get step by step instructions would be for you to provide us with a shapefile of a complete set of polylines for a single highway that has several urban areas separated by rural areas along the full highway route and a shapefile of the urban and rural polygons that intersect that highway. That way we could all be working through the same data and compare the actual measure results each process produces to the measures that you would expect for that example

DanielBrenner

Joe:

I know you're doing what you can, but for now look at my attachments again:

Forget that I used another software to create a Points layer of boundary

points (where the polyline intersects the polygon boundary).

The illustrations show the differences between what I have right now (a

polyline layer with a number of segments with individual measurement

values) and what I need (a polyline layer of one segment length), and then

creating new measurement values based on the new segment.

I have a polyline layer with 2500 segments; Locate Measures is a manual

procedure that is very time consuming. I need an automated procedure.

For now, I have used Linear Referencing tools but I am only getting the

current begin and end points of each segment; I need to aggregate the

current measures into one composite measure and then create a layer of

points with measurement values based on the new segment's values.

1) A polyline feature that has segments with measurements. I need to

aggregate the segments into one segment with a total length of X?

2) Break the newly aggregated polyline find the (new) point measures for

where the new polyline segment intersects the boundary of the polygon .

3) My points layer database needs to have fields indicating the prior

segment's Begin Point and the End point values.

*****************

I have tried the tools in Linear Referencing, but haven't been able to find

the tool/tools that work. For example, the one tool that aggregates the

segments doesn't give me the fields I need--Begin and End point measures

for the segments, just the ID fields for the polylines (??).

Have you used the Linear Referencing tools?

Thanks,

Daniel Brenner

DanielBrenner

Tom,

I know you're doing what you can, but for now look at my attachments again:

Forget that I used another software to create a Points layer of boundary

points (where the polyline intersects the polygon boundary).

The illustrations show the differences between what I have right now (a

polyline layer with a number of segments with individual measurement

values) and what I need (a polyline layer of one segment length.

For now, I have used Linear Referencing tools but I am only getting the

current begin and end points of each segment; I need to have the values

based on where the polyline intersects the polygon boundary---ideally with

an automated procedure.

I essentially have a 3 part procedure for a segments layer that has 2500

segments:

1) A polyline feature that has segments with measurements. I need to

aggregate the segments into one segment with a total length of X?

2) Break the newly aggregated polyline find the (new) point measures for

where the new polyline segment intersects the boundary of the polygon .

3) My points layer database needs to have fields indicating the prior

segment's Begin Point and the End point values.

*****************

I have tried the tools in Linear Referencing, but haven't been able to find

the tool/tools that work. For example, the one tool that aggregates the

segments doesn't give me the fields I need--Begin and End point measures

for the segments, just the ID fields for the polylines (??).

Hope this helps.

Daniel Brenner

Anonymous User

Daniel,

That's where the Locate Features along Routes tool comes in. Check out the documentation on it in the link from my previous post. It does exactly what you are looking for. At lest I think it does.

Tom

DanielBrenner

Tom,

Thank you for this, I will give it a try, but the heart of the matter is that once I was to/would be able to create new routes based on this tool, how can I get the correct Postmile Values at where the line intersects the boundary of the polygon?

(imagine 5 and 10 as polygon borders)

BEG END

0 5

5 10

10 15

0----------------------------------5\---------------------------10\------------------------15

JoeBorgione

I'm a little confused here: You say you have created intersections with another software package. Since I have no idea what that package is, I'm not able to comment, but if you have the points, they can become events along your route. Do you want the start the counter over again every time a route passes from urban to rural etc? If that's the case, I guess you would need to consider each segment (rural, urban, rural, urban etc) it's own route and calibrate it as such.

I'm no expert on Linear Referencing, but the cool thing about routes is you don't have to physically split it at various locations, you just keep the route flowing, and calibrate it as needed.

DanielBrenner

Locate Features along Routes is manual and not efficient for what I need

help with.

If I can aggregate segments and then break them up into Urban and Rural

Segments, I am 2/3 of the way there.

What I need to do is re-calculate (Calibrate?) the routes so that the

Begin/End measures are for the segments from begin-end from Boundary

INTERSECTION POINT TO BOUNDARY INTERSECTION POINT.

How do I get the Routes layer to do this ?

When I found out how to split the lines between rural and urban areas, the

fields that came up were for the Cities boundary layer or ? and not for the

Polyline layer (postmiles).

Thanks,

Daniel T. Brenner

RESEARCH ANALYST I (GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS)

DIVISION OF RESEARCH, INNOVATION, and SYSTEM INFORMATION

Highway System Information and Performance

1120 N Street MS 38

Sacramento, CA 95814

(916) 657-4277

(510) 593-7547 cell

daniel.brenner@dot.ca.gov

“Consider the unconsidered.”

“Certainty is not a sure thing!”

DanielBrenner

Joe,

Please see attached. I was able to split segments for the Routes into

Urban and Rural sections and was able to Aggregate the Route segments, but

the problems now are how to have the correct begin/end measures at the

intersection points (created intersection points with other software).

Thanks,

Daniel Brenner

PostmileScenarios.jpg

ESRI_BndPoints.jpg

Anonymous User

I think there is an easy answer to this. You can use the tool "Locate Features on Route" to generate an event table like you describe. Locate Features Along Routes—Help | ArcGIS for Desktop

After you create the event table you can render it as points using the Begin measure. You could also render it as line events using both the BEGIN and END measures.

If your polyline is not currently a route (it has measures (M values) on the coordinates) then you can turn it into a route using the "Create Routes" tool. Create Routes—Help | ArcGIS for Desktop

JoeBorgione

You might want to take a look at linear referencing for your highway layer.

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